Oppositional Defiance Disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Oppositional Defiance Disorder - Essay Example The symptoms of Oppositional Defiance Disorder (ODD) are observed in multiple settings with more noticeable actions at school or at home. The rate of ODD found in adolescents and school age children is 1-16 percent. The factors that cause ODD are not known however psychological, social and biological factors can play a role in the development of the disorder. Therefore it is essential to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of a child with ODD symptoms since there are chances that the child may have disorders like learning disability, ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders and mood disorders (bipolar disorder, depression). A comprehensive evaluation can diagnose these coexisting disorders that require preliminary treatment before treating the child for ODD (Children With Oppositional Defiant Disorder 2009). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of American Psychiatric Association explains oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) as a recurrent process of defiant, negativistic, hostile and disobedient behavior exhibited towards authority personality that continues for a minimum period of six months. Some of the behaviors comprise arguing with adults, losing temper, actively resisting requests, purposely annoying people, refusal to obey directions and rules, being touchy, complaining others for the misbehavior and mistakes of the person, spiteful, resentful, easily angered or annoyed or vindictive. Oppositional defiant disorders can be diagnosed in a child when there is a consistent and persistent pattern of hostility and disobedience towards teachers, parents or other adults. Children with ODD show testing limits and stubbornness even their early childhood. The primary behavioral complexity of ODD is the constant pattern of refusal to follow the commands or obey the requests of adults. ODD i s substantiated when problem behaviors take place more recurrently in a child when compared to other children of the same

Frankenstein and Blade Runner Essay Example for Free

Frankenstein and Blade Runner Essay The texts, Frankenstein and Blade Runner reflect changing contextual values; however the treatment of content remains the same. Mary Shelley’s didactic Frankenstein published in 1818 centres on scientific advancement of the Industrial Revolution, as presented through a consolidation of Gothic and Romantic elements in response to the shifting paradigms of the Enlightenment Age. Similarly, Blade Runner directed by Ridley Scott in 1982, transforms the notions of Frankenstein to position its postmodern audience to consider the negative ramifications of the Cold War and the rise of capitalism. These contextual ideas will be explored through the thematic concerns pertaining specifically to the destructive potential of abusing scientific power, the flawed responsibility of man as creator and the nature of humanity. Indeed, Blade Runner is a realisation of the sublime warnings highlighted by Shelley’s Frankenstein in 1818. Destructive potential of abusing scientific power Frankenstein highlights the destructive potential of abusing science through overpowering human morality and provoking irresponsibility. The 18th Century Age of Enlightenment was a social movement where logic and reason was advocated as the primary source of authority, characterised by scientific advancements such as Galvani’s concept of electricity as a reanimating force and theorists such as Erasmus Darwin. Hence, Walton’s metaphor, influenced by Age of Enlightenment, â€Å"What may not be expected in a country of eternal light? † is mantric for both Walton and Frankenstein who display a â€Å"thirst for knowledge† in their respective scientific quests. The metaphor and symbol of â€Å"eternal light† represents the mysteries the pair wish to uncover and accompanied with rhetorical question it reflects the optimism of society embracing the Age of Enlightenment. However, the irrevocable consequences of abusing scientific power is highlighted when Frankenstein says, â€Å"â€Å"All my speculations and hopes are as nothing, and like the archangel who aspired to omnipotence, I am chained to an eternal hell. † as he is tormented by the â€Å"filthy daemon† he creates; a monster â€Å"even Dante could not have conceived. The allusions to John Milton’s Paradise Lost and Dante Alighieri’s Inferno through metaphor and simile emphasises the destructive potential of abusing scientific power as Frankenstein’s environment decays into hell. This caution of the destructive potential of abusing science is realised in Blade Runner through Scott’s mise-en-scene of the dystopian urban wasteland of 2019 Los Angeles, emphasising the destruction of the natural environment as a result of the Cold War’s nuclear threat and rise of consumerism. In the opening sequence, the slow-panning panorama shot, under chiaroscuro lighting, captures a hellish megalopolis with huge smokestacks spewing fire into the atmosphere and large pagan corporate edifices towering over the city. This disorienting imagery is coalesced with violent, non-diegetic sounds and visuals of constant rain, symbolizing concerns of acidic rain and the burning of the environment. Hence, Scott’s utilization of futuristic â€Å"film noir† cinematography establishes a grim, claustrophobic environment that is completely devoid of the natural world. By depicting such dystopia and understanding contextual concerns such as the capitalist deregulation and the ‘trickle down’ theory of Reagan’s era, Scott applies Shelley’s â€Å"Promethean† motif to caution viewers about the potential environmental dangers of abusing modern technology and nuclear warfare, which were widespread social concerns at the time due to the climax of the Cold War. Flawed responsibility of men as creator Frankenstein highlights how unrestrained science undermines man’s responsibility as creator. Shelley’s era was a time of religious revival where philosophers such as Kierkegaard asserted spirituality was more than â€Å"objective appearance† and demanded engagement. In both texts, several biblical allusions are made to the image of man usurping the title of â€Å"creator† and creation becoming the forsaken â€Å"fallen angel. † Hence Victor’s Godly damnation reflects man as illegitimate to play the role of God: â€Å"Wretched devil! You reproach me with your creation; come on, then, may I extinguish the spark which I so negligently bestowed. Through the emotive biblical language and poetic allusion to â€Å"Milton’s Paradise Lost†, Shelley evokes the retelling of Satan’s fall from grace, where the monster’s likeness to the â€Å"fallen angel,† exacerbates the notion that man, corrupted by the moral insensitivity of science, is flawed as creator. Moreover, the â€Å"spark† alludes to the â€Å"eternal light† which irresponsibly leads to the immoral creation of a monster that is both extravagant and aberrant. This is illustrated by the graphic imagery of the monster’s impurity such as â€Å"skin arely covered† and â€Å"yellow eye† alongside the creature’s painful personal recollections through direct use of the first person, â€Å"I was a poor, helpless, miserable wretch. I knew, and could distinguish, nothing; but feeling pain invade me on all sides. † Hence, Shelley highlights to readers in the Enlightenment period that innate selfishness of men corrupts the moral grounding of scientific pursuit rendering man as illegitimate to play the role of God. The issue of mankind as selfish creators, disengaged from institutionalized structures such as Christendom, is extended in Blade Runner in the â€Å"meeting of the maker’ scene. Tyrell ruthlessly exploits his economic power by separating himself from the decaying dystopia of Los Angeles. Tyrell’s fundamentally flawed intentions are personified in the Tyrell Corporation’s edifice of a Grandiose, Mayan style pyramid physically exerting a powerful dominance over the city. It is presented through an upward panning low angle shot, spliced with close up shots to reinforce the dominance of consumerist progress in dystopia. The pyramid’s historical association with Egyptian royalty links them with the divine, typifying Tyrell’s ‘God-like’ role as creator. This is reinforced in Tyrell’s costuming of white clothing amidst long shots of a candle-lit church atmosphere, typifying his glorified religious status. Moreover the low-angle shots of the ‘artificial owl’ with dark shadows emphasises the extent to which the natural environment has been artificially remodeled due to the rise of consumerism in the 1980s. Hence, the dehumanised portray of Victor Frankenstein and Tyrell demonstrates that despite differering contexts, science leads to an abandonment of moral responsibility and man is flawed as creator. What constitutes humanity in an individual Frankenstein highlights the true nature of humanity as influenced by the 18th Century Romantic Movement. The 18th Century Romantic Movement was a social reaction against the 18th Century Age of Enlightenment, characterised by stressing the beauty of the natural world and emotional feeling. The natural world’s splendour is highlighted as Frankenstein flees to Mont Blanc for conciliatory peace away from his torment. â€Å"The unstained snowy mountain-top, the glittering pinnacle †¦ the eagle soaring amidst the clouds. † The Romantic and emotive language, imagery and allusion to Edmund Burke’s On the Sublime and the Beautiful portrays the beauty of the natural world, free from destructive science. Further humanity’s emotions are romanticised through the benevolent portrayal of the Monster. â€Å"No father had watched my infant days; no mother had blessed me with smiles and caresses†¦ What was I? † Through the combination of emotive language, a personal tone created through the personal pronoun â€Å"I† and a rhetorical question to question what constitutes humanity within a being, Shelley transcends the Gothic stereotype typically bestowed upon a monster to emphasise the monster’s human longings for parental love and companionship. Hence, as the Romantic Movement and its fascination with the sublimity of nature, was being overcome by the strict rationality of the Age of Enlightenment, Shelley foreworns of the destruction of the magnificence of humanity, both in the natural world and in human emotions, as a result of rampant science and irresponsibility. Similarly, the â€Å"more human than human† portrayal of Roy in Blade Runner also highlights our mistreatment of scientific creations as artificial commodities, blurring the distinction between humans and products of artificial intelligence. In the final scene, Scott uses a close-up shot at Roy’s nailed hands, literally portraying him as a Christ-like figure, as he is enslaved and morally detached from humanity from the goals of â€Å"commerce†. The condescending aphorism in Tyrell’s comment at Roy’s desperate cry for life, â€Å"the light that burns half as long, burns twice as bright† alludes to the â€Å"eternal light† in Frankenstein’s Age of Reason and its effects on humanity’s disregard for the human consequences of its actions. Hence Roy asserts â€Å"I’ve seen things you people wouldn’t believe†, which reflects about his personal, human pain and suffering as a result of the commoditised world. Furthermore, a close up of Roy, alongside the pure white background creates a cathartic moment as Roy becomes ‘the fallen angel’, magnanimously giving life to Deckard and instilling human qualities within him. It is through illustrating Roy’s sensitivity that Scott ‘appropriates’ Shelley’s dilemma of what constitutes humanity within any being, questioning the morality of the technology-dependent audience of the 1980s; as they take scientific creations for granted. Hence after suffering and succumbing to brutal dehumanisation, both Replicant and Beast have emotively evoked pathos and senses of profound solemnity. Ultimately, both Frankenstein and Blade Runner are products of their cultural milieu and forewarn us of the destructive potential of abusing science, illegitimately playing the role of God and the values of humanity that degrade our morality and responsibility. More subliminally, however, each text embodies the moral limitations of being human through the oppressive nature of scientific and technological advancement.

Components of Risk Management

Components of Risk Management 1st the definition of risk: Risk is simply a possible threat that may occur during a specific event or even in a normal day which may affect our lives in various ways by changing the ordinary routine in a dramatic turn of events whether its Damage, loss, liability there is always a chance of a possible risk that may happen (though odds may change by the surrounding Environment, situations and the nature of the risk) (BusinessDictionary.com, 2017) Examples of risk: 1. Financial risk: The possibility that a certain project or business may not cover the costs and expenses that been spent on it or even cause loss of resources. Examples of financial risk: (Investinganswers.com, 2017) Economic Risk: is the possibility that Macroeconomic conditions like exchange rate, government economic Regime or political influences may affect the Economical state of an investment or an entire country Political risk is divided into two types (Investopedia.com, 2017) Macro and Micro: A macro risk refers to adverse actions that will have an impact on all foreign businesses expropriation or insurrection. On the second hand we have Micro risk and its remotely different from macro and the difference is that a micro risk will affect a certain industrial field or business caused by corruption, prejudicial behavior against foreigner countries and their investments and usually will end up losing a lot of Money if they are unprepared for such turn of events. For example after Fidel Castros gained control over Cuba in 1959 hundred millions of dollars worth American Investments were expropriated by Castros government unfortunately most of these American businesses had no resources or alternative plans to retrieve their loss back. Liquidity risk: the following situations will simplify the concept of liquidity risk (BusinessDictionary.com, 2017) Situation 1: not being able to fulfill the needs of depositors and borrowers due the lack of cash or cash equivalents. Situation 2: sales of illiquid assets cheaper than their usual value. Situation 3: illiquid assets will not be sold in the scheduled time planned due to the lack of customers. 2. Food industry Risk: The possibility that harm may occur due to a certain hazard affecting a certain magnitude. 3. Work place risk: The possibility that an injury may occur during work whether the job is risky or not. 2nd The Components of Risk: (Project-Management.com) Risk has 3 components. These components should be taken separately one at a time in consideration while deciding how to manage a risk The event that could happen. The possibility that an event could happen. The effects and the results if the event happens.How to begin? Analyze the possible risks that might happen to your business, life etc. Most of the Risks could be divided in two: External and internal. Internal Risks: Business owners have various ways to control internal risks which happen from day to day represented in things like: Strategies, financials and employees. External risks: Such as disasters and compliance. These are hard to control, Analyze and prepare for however it could be done by a series of preparations. The Plan: (Investinganswers.com, 2017) Risk management plans guide you on your way to analyze the risk, find solutions and get ready to face that risk any given moment. Though this plan doesnt describe the risk as a structure but the techniques of solving problems and facing these risks properly. Step 1 identifying the possible risk: (Gov.uk, 2017) First of all before taking any steps you should consider finding a group to think with about the possible risks. Its always better to think in groups to cover all the corners of the topic. Think of what could be threatening your business and how would it affect you and reflect on your work. You should be taking time to analyze and determine what the risks around you are by covering all the surrounding issues and thinking of the true potential risk and categorizing it. Categorizing risks depends on the nature of your work and your surroundings. For example: if youre running a factory you should consider the risk of having technical difficulties such as the fact that machines may stop functioning or even injuries may occur within your factory. These elements you can control by taking the right cautious steps. These are called internal risks such as we mentioned before. However, in cases of natural disasters like earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis etc., there is nothing much you can do ab out it and you may not have control over these external risk elements. 2nd step in our list here is prioritizing project risk: (Gov.uk, 2017) And its simply determining how likely or unlikely the mentioned risks may occur and calculating the potential impact on the project may be minimal. For example: a huge storm could happen and cancel few flights. Thats a risk that unlikely to happen. For example: a meteor shower might hit a certain area on earth and that would cause the same effect as the previous example, but its still unlikely to happen or it doesnt happen too often if I may say. Probability scale: After determining the risk, prioritizing and categorizing them, its now time to put them on the probability scale or the possibility scale: Very unlikely, unlikely, possible, likely, most likely After measuring how serious and likely the risk would happen, its now time to see how influential and impacting the risk is. Using the impact scale: which goes as following Very Low, Low, moderate, high, very high The techniques and the methods used to rank a risk applying probability scale and impact scale: Identifying the risk that is most likely to happen, rank it 5. Identify the risk that is the least likely to happen, rank it 1. Rank the other risks according to how likely they may occur. Apply the previous method on the impact scale. Example no.1 flight: Risk snow storm Probability 3 Impact 5 Priority Actions Example no.2 Flight: Risk Meteor shower Probability 1 Impact 5 Priority Actions Calculating priority: Once the probability and impact have been determined, you can easily calculate the priority by multiplying its probability through its impact. By this method you should be able to reorder your risk list in order of your own priorities. Example no.1 flight: Risk snow storm Probability 3 Impact 5 Priority 15 Actions Example no.2 Flight: Risk Meteor shower Probability 1 Impact 5 Priority 5 Actions As we mentioned earlier that each environment has its risks and each situation has a set of risks. This leads us to our next point. Hazard maps: the definition of hazard maps: (Earthquake.usgs.gov, 2017) A hazard map is a highlighted map spotting dangerous areas that affected or vulnerable to a certain hazard or risk such as volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides etc.. Hazard maps are created and used too often to expose the areas of high risk however hazard maps has various uses. For example: the one created by the U.S Geological survey which is used by American Insurance Agencies in order to maintain insurance covered citizens safe for living in hazardous areas. This leads us to a very important point which is event history. Event history: The only purpose of event history is to record, analyze and explain why certain people are at higher risks than others. This can be done by a special sort of static methods depending on the matter which is discussed. The first single requirement to make an event history analysis is event history data. The definition of event history: (members.home.nl/, 2017) Its simply a static or a series of events recorded by the date and time which happened to an individual or a series of individuals. For Example: an event history might be constructed by asking a series of question to a sample of people or making a survey which will report the dates of any past changes in marital status (for example). Risk appetite: A way to help and lead an organization system to approach risk and risk management. The definition of Risk appetite: (theirm.com, 2017): Its the amount of risk that a certain organization is able to tolerate and accept in the quest of its objectives and before the action is considered necessary. This done to reduce the risk since it works as a balance between the perks of creativity and the risk that change inevitably brings. Levels of Risk appetite Averse: Avoiding risk and uncertainty. Minimal: tendency to maximum safe options that is low on risk for a limited reward. Cautious: tendency to safe side options that have a minimal degree of risk and may have limited potential for a reward. Open: Willing to consider all options, the safe side part and the risky side as well and choose the one most likely to give better results. Hungry: eager to be innovative and willing to take the risks by choosing options with higher or better rewards despite the obvious risk, however the risk could be reduced by measuring the odds, though precise measurement isnt always possible. By defining the risk appetite an organization can make a perfect balance between innovation and caution for better results and higher, safer profits. However if a risk occurred and it already happened well need to use methods called Risk treatment. The definition of risk treatment: (simplicable.com, 2017) A risk treatment protocol or method which simply shows you how to manage a risk process all of its contents and treat it with various solutions. Avoidance: The first way to solve a problem is to avoid it and not needing to deal with it which in this case not taking the risk at all by avoiding its actions and staying out of its direction for a safe result. Reduction: You can always stay safe, always be prepared for the risk, for example wearing a life jacket when you go out for a swim, that way you will reduce the risk of drowning. Risk acceptance: Also known as risk retention which is simply choosing to take the risk instead of avoiding it. How to assess the risk? (Gov.uk, 2017) There are few things you need to know if you want to assess the risk. 1st: you need to identify the risks and the hazards such as we mentioned before. 2nd: you need to know who would get harmed by these hazards. 3rd: evaluate the risks. 4th: record your researches and studies about the risk. 5th: review your assessment to make sure that everything is going as planned. Risk management process: 1st youd need to identify the hazards as usual and make sure that you studied all the sides of these hazards. 2nd risk identification youd want to be fully aware of the risk and the hazards caused by it. For example: Hazard: worn out wires on electric items. Risk:worker might get electrocuted. 3rd risk assessment as its really importantto evaluate the odds of an injury occurring along with the possible consequences. Thats why risk assessment is based on two factors.The possible impact of any injury caused by a hazard and the possibility that the injury will happen, a risk matrix should be used in this type of situations. Risk Matrix: (Brighthub Project Management, 2017): Is a matrix used during the risk assessment to categorize the various levels of risk and the amount of harm that can be predicted to happen during a specific event an accident. Forexample, the level of risk could be measured and calculated as the result of possibility that harm could occur multiplied by the severity of that harm. Catastrophic: Numerous Deaths.Critical: 1 Death or Several Severe Injuries. Marginal: 1 Severe Injury or several Minor Injuries. Negligible: 1 Minor Injury Negligible Marginal Critical Catastrophic Certain High High Extreme Extreme Likely Moderate High High Extreme Possible Low Moderate High Extreme Unlikely Low Low Moderate Extreme Rare Low Low Moderate High 4th risk control (riskcontrolstrategies.com, 2017) Urgent actions must be taken for risk assessed as critical or high risk, the actions include: Instructions for immediate cessation of Activity, Isolation of the hazard, Prioritizing and immediate reacts to the hazard along with few improvements that can be done quickly, Training workers to be able to deal with the hazard properly and finally Daily check on the hazard to prevent any catastrophic losses. 5th branch diagrams (risk diagrams): (smartdraw.com, 2017) This analysis method is often used in safety engineering to figure out and determine how system can break or fail to analyze how to reduce risk or determine rates and statics of safety accidents. And its commonly used nuclear powers and chemicals processing. Fault tree analysis can be used to understand the concept to the risk event. First: Show the guidelines with the input system safety. Second: Prioritize the circumstances leading to the hazard event. Third: Monitor and insure safer performance. Fourth: Control over resources. Fifth: Assist building a system and a matrix. Sixth: Diagnosis and identifying and avoid the causes of the top event. 6th Risk register: (Brighthub Project Management, 2017) National risks register: Is a national security strategy was first published by the government back in 2008. Aiming to provide advices on how people and business can stay safe by preparing themselves for civil emergencies, there was another update in January 2012 and it was a fulfilling update to the 2008s register. Such register contained all the governments likelihood and potential emergencies risks made by several emergencies and hazards according to natural and industrial occurring hazards that may affect the United Kingdom. 2. Local risk Register: Whatever risk we face daily, it depends on where we live, how we live and the nature of environment around us. Flooding for example will be limited to certain areas of the country, while the odds of an industrial risk will depend on the type of industry and the place; each area has its own set of risks. For example: living by the coast could put you at the risk of a tsunami or a flood. Each area is special when it comes to risks. Therefore, the government provides guidance and instructions on how to act or what to do during this kind of events. It also shows how to overcome and how to treat these risks and how to be prepared before any risk hits suddenly. 7th Dynamic Risk Assessment (KPMG, 2017): DRA was developed by KPMG team: A team of scientists, mathematicians and economists. Its considered a huge step forward in the risk Assessment field which depends on theories, sophisticated algorithms, mathematics and advanced well processed data to identify and analyze risk in a 4th dimensional view. This allows professionals to see where risk can be considered critical or even spread contagion. The threat is measured and calculated before the event to prevent its occurring. References: BusinessDictionary.com. (2017). When was the last time you said this?. [online] Available at: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/risk.html [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. KPMG. (2017). Dynamic Risk Assessment. [online] Available at: https://home.kpmg.com/xx/en/home/services/audit/dynamic-risk-assessment.html [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. Imagineeducation.com.au. (2017). Imagine Education Australia. [online] Available at: http://www.imagineeducation.com.au/files/CHC30113/6_Steps_to_Risk_Manageme [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. Project-Management.com. (2017). What are the Components of Risk?. [online] Available at: https://project-management.com/what-are-the-components-of-risk/ [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. : Spacey, J. (2017). 5 Types of Risk Treatment. [online] Simplicable. Available at: http://simplicable.com/new/risk-treatment [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. Gov.uk. (2017). Risk assessment: how the risk of emergencies in the UK is assessed GOV.UK. [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/guidance/risk-assessment-how-the-risk-of-emergencies-in-the-uk-is-assessed [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. Earthquake.usgs.gov. (2017). Introduction to the National Seismic Hazard Maps. [online] Available at: https://earthquake.usgs.gov/hazards/learn/ [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. Project-Management.com. (2017). What are the Components of Risk?. [online] Available at: https://project-management.com/what-are-the-components-of-risk/ [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. KPMG. (2017). Dynamic Risk Assessment. [online] Available at: https://home.kpmg.com/xx/en/home/services/audit/dynamic-risk-assessment.html [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. Brighthub Project Management. (2017). What Is a Risk Register? Explanation Free Template. [online] Available at: http://www.brighthubpm.com/risk-management/3247-creating-a-risk-register-a-free-excel-template/ [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. Smartdraw.com. (2017). Fault Tree Diagram What is a Fault Tree and Fault Tree Analysis?. [online] Available at: https://www.smartdraw.com/fault-tree/ [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. Theirm.org. (2017). Risk appetite and tolerance. [online] Available at: https://www.theirm.org/knowledge-and-resources/thought-leadership/risk-appetite-and-tolerance/ [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017]. Risk Control Strategies. (2017). Risk Control Strategies: Threat Security Solutions. [online] Available at: https://www.riskcontrolstrategies.com/ [Accessed 22 Mar. 2017].

beatrice is the vita nuova Essay -- essays research papers fc

A very poignant moment in any person’s life is when they meet someone who they regard so highly that they place on a pedestal in their mind. If ever there was a doubt of love at first sight, Dante Alighieri disproves the disbelief with his first sighting of Beatrice in his Vita Nuova. When Dante recounts his second encounter with Beatrice he says that she greeted him but does not state how exactly she acknowledged him. The â€Å"ineffable courtesy† that she greeted him with implies that the encounter was not spoken.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Through complete silent encounters, the love Dante harbors for Beatrice still continues to flourish. In one of Dante’s sonnets he says the following:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"hence I abide impoverished,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  in such a way that I fear to speak.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Thus wishing to do as those   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  who out of shame conceal their want,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  outwardly I show joy,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  and inwardly at the heart I waste away and weep.† Despite Dante being filled with overwhelming joy by the thought of Beatrice, he never publicly expresses his love for her. The whole essence of Dante’s being was accounted for through Beatrice’s greetings to him. Although the definition of her greetings is undefined in his accounts, Dante’s mood is dependent on his interactions with Beatrice. Through the words in his sonnets, Dante m...

A Haunted House

â€Å"Here we left it,† she said. And he added, â€Å"Oh, but here tool† â€Å"It's upstairs,† she murmured. â€Å"And in the garden,† he whispered. â€Å"Quietly,† they said, â€Å"or we shall wake them.† But it wasn't that you woke us. Oh, no. â€Å"They're looking for it; they're drawing the curtain,† one might say, and so read on a page or two. â€Å"Now they've found it,' one would be certain, stopping the pencil on the margin. And then, tired of reading, one might rise and see for oneself, the house all empty, the doors standing open, only the wood pigeons bubbling with content and the hum of the threshing machine sounding from the farm. â€Å"What did I come in here for? What did I want to find?† My hands were empty. â€Å"Perhaps its upstairs then?† The apples were in the loft. And so down again, the garden still as ever, only the book had slipped into the grass. But they had found it in the drawing room. Not that one could ever see them. The windowpanes reflected apples, reflected roses; all the leaves were green in the glass. If they moved in the drawing room, the apple only turned its yellow side. Yet, the moment after, if the door was opened, spread about the floor, hung upon the walls, pendant from the ceiling–what? My hands were empty. The shadow of a thrush crossed the carpet; from the deepest wells of silence the wood pigeon drew its bubble of sound. â€Å"Safe, safe, safe† the pulse of the house beat softly. â€Å"The treasure buried; the room . . .† the pulse stopped short. Oh, was that the buried treasure? A moment later the light had faded. Out in the garden then? But the trees spun darkness for a wandering beam of sun. So fine, so rare, coolly sunk beneath the surface the beam I sought always burned behind the glass. Death was the glass; death was between us, coming to the woman first, hundreds of years ago, leaving the house, sealing all the windows; the rooms were darkened. He left it, left her, went North, went East, saw the stars turned in the Southern sky; sought the house, found it dropped beneath the Downs. â€Å"Safe, safe, safe,† the pulse of the house beat gladly. ‘The Treasure yours.† The wind roars up the avenue. Trees stoop and bend this way and that. Moonbeams splash and spill wildly in the rain. But the beam of the lamp falls straight from the window. The candle burns stiff and still. Wandering through the house, opening the windows, whispering not to wake us, the ghostly couple seek their joy. â€Å"Here we slept,† she says. And he adds, â€Å"Kisses without number.† â€Å"Waking in the morning–† â€Å"Silver between the trees–† â€Å"Upstairs–† ‘In the garden–† â€Å"When summer came–† ‘In winter snowtime–† â€Å"The doors go shutting far in the distance, gently knocking like the pulse of a heart. Nearer they come, cease at the doorway. The wind falls, the rain slides silver down the glass. Our eyes darken, we hear no steps beside us; we see no lady spread her ghostly cloak. His hands shield the lantern. â€Å"Look,† he breathes. â€Å"Sound asleep. Love upon their lips.† Stooping, holding their silver lamp above us, long they look and deeply. Long they pause. The wind drives straightly; the flame stoops slightly. Wild beams of moonlight cross both floor and wall, and, meeting, stain the faces bent; the faces pondering; the faces that search the sleepers and seek their hidden joy. â€Å"Safe, safe, safe,† the heart of the house beats proudly. â€Å"Long years–† he sighs. â€Å"Again you found me.† â€Å"Here,† she murmurs, â€Å"sleeping; in the garden reading; laughing, rolling apples in the loft. Here we left our treasure–† Stooping, their light lifts the lids upon my eyes. â€Å"Safe! safe! safe!† the pulse of the house beats wildly. Waking, I cry â€Å"Oh, is this your buried treasure? The light in the heart.†

By the Same Token

By the Same Token By the Same Token By the Same Token By Maeve Maddox The word token is used with several meanings. From an Old English verb meaning â€Å"to show,† in the broadest sense a token is â€Å"something that serves to indicate a fact; a sign or a symbol.† The sign could be miraculous or merely evidence of something:    I do set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be for a token of a covenant between me and the earth. Genesis, 9:13, KJV God granted these holy men [the 100 fed miraculously by Elisha] a gracious token that the famine had lifted The retiring employee received a watch as a token of the company’s appreciation. As a physical object, a token may be a metal or plastic disk that serves to show that money has been paid for transportation or admission (e.g., a bus token). Board games like Monopoly include tokens used in play. The expression â€Å"by the same token† means â€Å"for the same reason† or â€Å"in the same way.† Here are two correct examples of its use: there was little evidence to substantiate the gossip and, by the same token, there was little to disprove it –example, OxfordDictionaries because his mind is flexible it responds quickly †¦ to what is before it, and by the same token it can call up from within a host of appropriate ideas example, Merriam-Webster As is happening to many venerable expressions in this age of limited reading of traditional literature, â€Å"by the same token† is being altered by speakers who aren’t quite sure how to use it: However at the same token, this same conversation could apply to couples who go through that process together In the same token, it cannot disregard basic issues of translation theory. Does my body include the oxygen I am about to inhale and, on the same token, should I include the air I am about to exhale? Not only is the preposition by being incorrectly replaced by at, in or on, the meaning is being lost: I dont dislike dogs (or other animals), but by the same token, I dont want them in my house. Here the meaning seems to be â€Å"on the other hand.† With a documentation date of 1463, â€Å"by the same token† has had a good run in English. Could be that the expression–for some speakers at least–has reached retirement age. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Homograph Examples34 Writing Tips That Will Make You a Better WriterHonorary vs. Honourary